What is Cryptocurrency? | Application of Blockchain technology in Geospatial Field

Cryptocurrency or crypto-currency or crypto currency (meaning) is a form of currency that exists only digitally and can be transferred completely between digital addresses, usually with no central issuer or regulatory authority. Rather, it keeps track of transactions and manages the issuance of new units through a decentralized system.

An unknown group of people invented the cryptocurrency in 2008 as the pseudonym “Satoshi Nakamoto”. The use of currency in the form of bitcoin began in 2009.

The first blockchain-based cryptocurrency was Bitcoin, which still remains the most popular and most valuable. However, bitcoin has become the standard of cryptocurrency, which will operate in public currency markets like the US dollar, but in a secret zone.

Nowadays, there are thousands of alternative cryptocurrencies available in the digital market with different functions and specifications.

There were over 18.8 million bitcoins in circulation in the digital market till November 2021, with a total market cap of approximately $1.2 trillion, and this figure was updated frequently.

Application of Blockchain technology in Geospatial Field like cryptocurrency.

Blockchain technology has the potential to transform the future of global markets. It became very popular after the development of cryptocurrencies like bitcoin, which will help in cross-border payment and services. Another important potential of blockchain technology is to promote land governance, supply chain management, energy, health, education, and carbon market trading. It is an open and distributed design that allows real-time and simultaneous transactions.

Recently, researchers have begun to consider what might be useful in applying blockchain technologies in the fields of Earth observation and geospatial technologies. The European Space Agency (ESA) recently released a white paper defining key potential focus areas for the EO community as well as new ideas and applications of blockchain technology for Earth exploration.

This technology has the potential of decentralization of databases, which will help in sharing of data among different institutions and simultaneous use of scientific data. It is already being used by the medical sector in some countries to share secure medical information about patients.

Blockchain technology can also be used for best policing with the help of the application of crypto-spatial coordinate systems. Which will help in sharing crime and security related location information among different police stations on a real-time basis through a decentralized information centre. However, its application outside cryptocurrencies is still comparatively limited.

Google Maps is also a type of blockchain technology that uses geospatial technology with sharing capabilities among a user group. The information can be edited and updated by different users.

List of Cryptocurrencies.

Rank	Name	Symbol	Market Cap	Circulating Supply
1	Bitcoin	BTC	$1,023,494,223,055	1,88,84,075 BTC
2	Ethereum	ETH	$483,502,485,674	11,85,03,312 ETH
3	Binance Coin	BNB	$98,660,343,251	16,68,01,148 BNB *
4	Tether	USDT	$73,153,810,322	73,12,12,43,702 USDT *
5	Solana	SOL	$59,011,126,604	30,39,12,349 SOL *
6	Cardano	ADA	$52,048,351,935	33,31,32,46,915 ADA
7	XRP	XRP	$44,799,247,123	47,15,89,74,920 XRP *
8	USD Coin	USDC	$37,981,256,871	37,99,21,24,453 USDC *
9	Polkadot	DOT	$34,499,490,368	98,75,79,315 DOT *
10	Dogecoin	DOGE	$26,942,716,634	1,32,27,69,75,204 DOGE
11	Avalanche	AVAX	$23,814,622,587	22,38,35,786 AVAX *
12	SHIBA INU	SHIB	$21,352,530,671	54,90,55,95,27,29,359 SHIB *
13	Crypto.com Coin	CRO	$17,471,590,438	25,26,30,13,692 CRO *
14	Terra	LUNA	$16,526,948,082	39,56,50,753 LUNA *
15	Litecoin	LTC	$13,731,641,133	6,90,60,107 LTC
16	Wrapped Bitcoin	WBTC	$13,541,814,539	2,53,176 WBTC *
17	Binance USD	BUSD	$12,994,868,927	12,98,05,02,471 BUSD *
18	Uniswap	UNI	$12,339,435,596	62,78,57,379 UNI *
19	Polygon	MATIC	$11,731,908,987	7,02,16,82,963 MATIC *
20	Chainlink	LINK	$11,323,815,762	46,70,09,554 LINK *
21	Bitcoin Cash	BCH	$10,679,838,428	1,89,11,594 BCH
22	Algorand	ALGO	$10,230,840,373	6,26,57,05,561 ALGO *
23	Decentraland	MANA	$8,793,863,480	1,82,46,19,135 MANA *
24	Stellar	XLM	$8,098,292,049	24,33,64,71,581 XLM *
25	Elrond	EGLD	$7,955,149,474	1,97,90,953 EGLD *
26	Axie Infinity	AXS	$7,792,349,223	6,09,07,500 AXS *
27	VeChain	VET	$7,405,003,593	64,31,55,76,989 VET *
28	TerraUSD	UST	$7,365,910,509	7,34,12,49,037 UST *
29	Internet Computer	ICP	$7,317,568,279	18,27,06,374 ICP *
30	Filecoin	FIL	$6,949,548,533	12,84,57,490 FIL
31	TRON	TRX	$6,689,631,086	71,65,96,57,369 TRX *
32	FTX Token	FTT	$6,676,486,795	13,95,91,265 FTT *
33	THETA	THETA	$6,595,348,250	1,00,00,00,000 THETA *
34	Dai	DAI	$6,480,821,953	6,47,49,51,714 DAI *
35	Cosmos	ATOM	$6,230,197,296	22,52,24,577 ATOM *
36	The Sandbox	SAND	$6,164,845,121	89,22,46,119 SAND *
37	Ethereum Classic	ETC	$6,156,251,267	13,12,47,661 ETC
38	Hedera	HBAR	$5,957,434,423	18,09,27,92,421 HBAR *
39	Bitcoin BEP2	BTCB	$5,719,400,185	1,05,111 BTCB *
40	Fantom	FTM	$5,483,928,418	2,54,50,06,273 FTM *
41	NEAR Protocol	NEAR	$4,758,168,496	56,47,66,939 NEAR *
42	Gala	GALA	$4,739,862,669	6,97,72,05,436 GALA *
43	Helium	HNT	$4,279,611,748	10,28,36,220 HNT
44	The Graph	GRT	$4,237,694,367	4,71,57,35,200 GRT *
45	Tezos	XTZ	$4,143,669,438	86,84,70,665 XTZ *
46	Monero	XMR	$4,129,583,634	1,80,36,208 XMR
47	IOTA	MIOTA	$3,879,158,516	2,77,95,30,283 MIOTA *
48	Loopring	LRC	$3,851,831,525	1,32,82,73,642 LRC *
49	EOS	EOS	$3,796,142,232	97,23,21,514 EOS *
50	Flow	FLOW	$3,705,526,482	31,30,98,660 FLOW *
51	Klaytn	KLAY	$3,472,633,934	2,52,65,21,789 KLAY *
52	Zcash	ZEC	$3,319,392,923	1,31,73,988 ZEC
53	Enjin Coin	ENJ	$3,283,936,127	83,86,03,684 ENJ *
54	Aave	AAVE	$3,167,149,896	1,33,92,219 AAVE *
55	PancakeSwap	CAKE	$3,156,904,021	24,45,57,897 CAKE *
56	Maker	MKR	$3,114,027,183	9,89,767 MKR *
57	UNUS SED LEO	LEO	$3,037,777,298	95,39,54,130 LEO *
58	Harmony	ONE	$2,923,594,772	10,80,78,46,387 ONE *
59	THORChain	RUNE	$2,883,240,348	25,82,10,215 RUNE *
60	Kadena	KDA	$2,800,954,350	15,81,42,232 KDA
61	Chiliz	CHZ	$2,768,222,965	5,95,17,49,373 CHZ *
62	Bitcoin SV	BSV	$2,750,781,618	1,89,07,808 BSV
63	eCash	XEC	$2,743,019,648	1,89,07,65,46,73,313 XEC *
64	Kusama	KSM	$2,724,297,465	84,70,098 KSM *
65	Neo	NEO	$2,658,052,221	7,05,38,831 NEO *
66	Quant	QNT	$2,558,792,068	1,20,72,738 QNT *
67	Amp	AMP	$2,416,833,494	42,22,77,02,186 AMP *
68	Stacks	STX	$2,405,203,512	1,28,60,36,180 STX *
69	Curve DAO Token	CRV	$2,265,245,285	42,87,44,353 CRV *
70	Basic Attention Token	BAT	$2,204,600,511	1,49,25,03,789 BAT *
71	Waves	WAVES	$2,128,107,696	10,68,01,876 WAVES *
72	Holo	HOT	$2,104,789,198	1,73,03,71,14,406 HOT *
73	BitTorrent	BTT	$2,071,486,166	6,59,95,26,25,000 BTT *
74	Dash	DASH	$1,934,515,186	1,04,47,731 DASH
75	Arweave	AR	$1,877,967,573	3,33,94,701 AR *
76	KuCoin Token	KCS	$1,867,883,086	8,01,18,638 KCS *
77	Celo	CELO	$1,668,521,247	34,72,97,758 CELO *
78	Theta Fuel	TFUEL	$1,617,821,980	5,30,12,14,400 TFUEL *
79	Compound	COMP	$1,603,904,918	60,18,895 COMP *
80	IoTeX	IOTX	$1,530,809,519	9,54,07,79,324 IOTX *
81	Immutable X	IMX	$1,514,737,109	18,81,60,768 IMX *
82	Huobi Token	HT	$1,505,362,133	15,93,08,566 HT *
83	Ankr	ANKR	$1,487,545,906	8,16,28,99,378 ANKR *
84	NEM	XEM	$1,473,421,996	8,99,99,99,999 XEM *
85	Mina	MINA	$1,446,292,967	30,44,06,887 MINA *
86	OKB	OKB	$1,439,699,262	6,00,00,000 OKB *
87	Qtum	QTUM	$1,434,593,564	9,88,95,201 QTUM *
88	Nexo	NEXO	$1,393,033,359	56,00,00,011 NEXO *
89	WAX	WAXP	$1,336,579,837	1,85,03,60,314 WAXP *
90	TrueUSD	TUSD	$1,295,138,007	1,29,53,54,364 TUSD *
91	Livepeer	LPT	$1,290,201,033	2,11,64,655 LPT *
92	Decred	DCR	$1,283,473,008	1,35,33,024 DCR
93	Horizen	ZEN	$1,265,560,589	1,17,81,331 ZEN
94	Siacoin	SC	$1,247,229,422	49,42,76,32,992 SC
95	XDC Network	XDC	$1,199,156,915	12,30,50,12,699 XDC *
96	ICON	ICX	$1,170,563,295	67,63,10,258 ICX *
97	Audius	AUDIO	$1,165,956,052	50,40,78,968 AUDIO *
98	Oasis Network	ROSE	$1,155,527,511	3,49,30,14,306 ROSE *
99	OMG Network	OMG	$1,151,715,835	14,02,45,398 OMG *
100	Storj	STORJ	$1,081,337,540	35,14,81,906 STORJ *
101	BORA	BORA	$1,100,673,578	86,12,50,000 BORA *
102	Voyager Token	VGX	$1,079,211,197	27,84,82,214 VGX *
103	Ravencoin	RVN	$1,076,867,611	10,17,38,20,000 RVN
104	yearn.finance	YFI	$1,068,883,210	36,638 YFI *
105	Revain	REV	$1,011,077,205	85,06,14,85,690 REV *
106	Zilliqa	ZIL	$995,698,018	12,05,33,24,580 ZIL
107	Celsius	CEL	$959,094,249	23,88,63,520 CEL *
108	Bitcoin Gold	BTG	$956,116,759	1,75,13,924 BTG
109	Hive	HIVE	$952,172,625	38,17,46,869 HIVE *
110	0x	ZRX	$952,366,478	84,54,96,055 ZRX *
111	Pax Dollar	USDP	$946,682,551	94,56,42,940 USDP *
112	renBTC	RENBTC	$926,676,999	17,279 RENBTC *
113	Secret	SCRT	$924,808,421	14,98,15,729 SCRT *
114	SushiSwap	SUSHI	$906,622,364	12,72,44,443 SUSHI *
115	Ren	REN	$902,496,193	99,77,64,051 REN *
116	Bancor	BNT	$904,209,761	23,51,55,570 BNT *
117	Ontology	ONT	$871,257,084	87,52,49,524 ONT *
118	Synthetix	SNX	$866,286,087	11,48,41,533 SNX *
119	Perpetual Protocol	PERP	$854,272,474	6,87,00,000 PERP *
120	Velas	VLX	$840,954,779	2,12,43,80,663 VLX *
121	UMA	UMA	$838,646,534	6,43,59,056 UMA *
122	Nervos Network	CKB	$818,613,149	28,73,12,21,852 CKB *
123	Telcoin	TEL	$808,276,914	55,02,71,10,195 TEL *
124	SKALE Network	SKL	$799,018,608	2,37,76,75,822 SKL *
125	Moonriver	MOVR	$778,565,165	24,33,482 MOVR *
126	Ocean Protocol	OCEAN	$759,941,842	61,30,99,141 OCEAN *
127	Golem	GLM	$750,895,986	1,00,00,00,000 GLM *
128	Request	REQ	$746,942,755	99,98,77,116 REQ *
129	dYdX	DYDX	$739,483,293	5,63,37,466 DYDX *
130	Polymath	POLY	$735,663,973	89,85,50,830 POLY *
131	Raydium	RAY	$726,326,375	7,57,37,469 RAY *
132	Dogelon Mars	ELON	$716,105,110	55,58,41,79,30,04,366 ELON *
133	Kava	KAVA	$715,426,909	14,20,25,092 KAVA *
134	Celer Network	CELR	$699,287,329	6,07,67,11,958 CELR *
135	Serum	SRM	$689,519,939	13,32,31,781 SRM *
136	DigiByte	DGB	$686,183,889	14,87,56,94,429 DGB
137	SwissBorg	CHSB	$684,958,881	1,00,00,00,000 CHSB *
138	IOST	IOST	$683,217,270	18,09,97,19,631 IOST *
139	WINkLink	WIN	$665,641,855	9,61,73,73,00,000 WIN *
140	1inch Network	1INCH	$667,409,910	18,03,62,122 1INCH *
141	CEEK VR	CEEK	$665,009,698	73,96,47,760 CEEK *
142	Nano	NANO	$650,753,033	13,32,48,297 NANO *
143	MyNeighborAlice	ALICE	$647,905,849	3,06,00,000 ALICE *
144	XYO	XYO	$643,631,949	12,84,48,21,266 XYO *
145	Gnosis	GNO	$606,976,625	15,04,587 GNO *
146	Ultra	UOS	$597,929,079	28,27,85,230 UOS *
147	DigitalBits	XDB	$597,152,587	87,46,08,082 XDB *
148	Chromia	CHR	$591,794,334	56,73,69,439 CHR *
149	OriginTrail	TRAC	$563,780,774	36,38,53,921 TRAC *
150	Injective Protocol	INJ	$562,404,345	4,36,55,553 INJ *
151	NuCypher	NU	$561,410,842	69,52,50,000 NU *
152	Neutrino USD	USDN	$561,817,957	56,63,55,038 USDN *
153	Fetch.ai	FET	$559,077,598	74,61,13,681 FET *
154	Mdex	MDX	$523,828,762	78,61,28,591 MDX *
155	WOO Network	WOO	$514,157,408	56,54,15,680 WOO *
156	Dent	DENT	$493,437,046	99,00,77,91,203 DENT *
157	Cartesi	CTSI	$487,072,151	47,59,20,031 CTSI *
158	GateToken	GT	$486,036,129	7,78,15,823 GT *
159	Casper	CSPR	$479,317,901	2,61,64,50,795 CSPR *
160	Dvision Network	DVI	$473,858,331	26,65,96,290 DVI *
161	Lisk	LSK	$467,174,268	12,89,00,445 LSK *
162	MediBloc	MED	$458,890,591	5,38,24,01,140 MED *
163	Reserve Rights	RSR	$450,121,276	13,15,99,98,943 RSR *
164	Swipe	SXP	$448,007,499	19,27,68,789 SXP *
165	Fei USD	FEI	$424,332,444	42,49,96,178 FEI *
166	Flux	FLUX	$411,302,222	22,01,33,067 FLUX
167	Origin Protocol	OGN	$398,745,723	38,85,70,733 OGN *
168	Syscoin	SYS	$396,922,242	62,30,54,191 SYS
169	NKN	NKN	$399,444,347	70,00,00,000 NKN
170	Alpha Finance Lab	ALPHA	$390,651,016	44,63,30,126 ALPHA *
171	Reef	REEF	$386,700,351	15,97,35,52,172 REEF *
172	Verge	XVG	$383,957,963	16,48,69,59,488 XVG
173	Function X	FX	$370,567,432	40,85,20,357 FX *
174	Civic	CVC	$369,688,316	67,00,00,000 CVC *
175	WazirX	WRX	$368,646,871	31,78,46,918 WRX *
176	VeThor Token	VTHO	$356,468,931	42,67,57,62,880 VTHO *
177	Bitcoin Standard Hashrate Token	BTCST	$349,883,258	1,14,21,013 BTCST *
178	COTI	COTI	$346,084,904	86,86,72,118 COTI *
179	Orchid	OXT	$344,687,673	69,06,90,084 OXT *
180	Ardor	ARDR	$341,698,728	99,89,99,495 ARDR *
181	Status	SNT	$340,297,967	3,47,04,83,788 SNT *
182	BakeryToken	BAKE	$337,575,217	19,35,29,487 BAKE *
183	Bitcoin Diamond	BCD	$323,714,172	18,64,92,898 BCD
184	PAX Gold	PAXG	$315,474,387	1,75,568 PAXG *
185	HUSD	HUSD	$315,461,447	31,49,66,568 HUSD *
186	Conflux	CFX	$311,093,282	1,15,03,47,745 CFX
187	StormX	STMX	$307,640,189	10,00,00,00,000 STMX *
188	Phantasma	SOUL	$305,726,759	10,30,33,489 SOUL *
189	iExec RLC	RLC	$303,036,956	8,00,70,793 RLC *
190	Powerledger	POWR	$302,437,578	46,21,36,097 POWR *
191	Polkastarter	POLS	$298,700,068	8,13,01,332 POLS *
192	aelf	ELF	$291,991,517	54,44,80,200 ELF *
193	Ontology Gas	ONG	$291,570,993	26,60,77,326 ONG *
194	Band Protocol	BAND	$290,915,000	3,51,91,821 BAND *
195	MX Token	MX	$289,795,163	10,00,00,000 MX *
196	Steem	STEEM	$281,730,829	39,36,46,708 STEEM *
197	Energy Web Token	EWT	$280,864,398	3,00,62,138 EWT *
198	Badger DAO	BADGER	$278,047,633	1,11,58,228 BADGER *
199	ASD	ASD	$273,722,274	66,06,15,274 ASD *
200	Unibright	UBT	$273,225,562	14,99,99,999 UBT *

---

क्रिप्टोकरेंसी क्या है?

यह मुद्रा का एक रूप है जो केवल डिजिटल रूप से मौजूद होता है, आमतौर पर कोई केंद्रीय जारीकर्ता या नियामक प्राधिकरण नहीं होता है। बल्कि, यह लेन-देन का ट्रैक रखता है और विकेंद्रीकृत प्रणाली के माध्यम से नई इकाइयों को जारी करने का प्रबंधन करता है।

लोगों के एक अज्ञात समूह ने 2008 में छद्म नाम “सातोशी नाकामोतो” के रूप में क्रिप्टोकुरेंसी का आविष्कार किया। बिटकॉइन के रूप में मुद्रा का उपयोग 2009 में शुरू हुआ।

पहली ब्लॉकचेन-आधारित क्रिप्टोकरेंसी बिटकॉइन थी, जो अभी भी सबसे लोकप्रिय और सबसे मूल्यवान बनी हुई है।

हालांकि,बिटकॉइन क्रिप्टोकरेंसी का मानक बन गया है, जो अमेरिकी डॉलर जैसे सार्वजनिक मुद्रा बाजारों में काम करेगा, लेकिन एक गुप्त क्षेत्र में।

आजकल, डिजिटल बाजार में विभिन्न कार्यों और विशिष्टताओं के साथ हजारों वैकल्पिक क्रिप्टोकरेंसी उपलब्ध हैं।

नवंबर 2021 तक डिजिटल बाजार में 18.8 मिलियन से अधिक बिटकॉइन प्रचलन में थे, जिसका कुल मार्केट कैप लगभग 1.2 ट्रिलियन डॉलर था, और यह आंकड़ा बार-बार अपडेट किया जा हैं।

मुख्य बातें क्रिप्टोकरेंसी के बारे में:

• क्रिप्टोक्यूरेंसी एक नेटवर्क पर आधारित डिजिटल संपत्ति का एक रूप है जो बड़ी संख्या में कंप्यूटरों में वितरित किया जाता है। यह विकेंद्रीकृत संरचना उन्हें सरकारों और केंद्रीय अधिकारियों के नियंत्रण से बाहर रहने की अनुमति देती है।
• “क्रिप्टोकरेंसी” शब्द एन्क्रिप्शन तकनीकों से लिया गया है जिनका उपयोग नेटवर्क को सुरक्षित करने के लिए किया जाता है।
• ब्लॉकचेन, जो लेन-देन संबंधी डेटा की अखंडता सुनिश्चित करने के लिए संगठनात्मक तरीके हैं, कई क्रिप्टोकरेंसी का एक अनिवार्य घटक हैं।
• कई विशेषज्ञों का मानना ​​है कि ब्लॉकचेन और संबंधित तकनीक वित्त और कानून सहित कई उद्योगों को बाधित करेगी।
• क्रिप्टोकरेंसी को कई कारणों से आलोचना का सामना करना पड़ता है, जिसमें अवैध गतिविधियों के लिए उनका उपयोग, विनिमय दर में अस्थिरता और उनके अंतर्निहित बुनियादी ढांचे की कमजोरियां शामिल हैं। हालाँकि, उनकी पोर्टेबिलिटी, विभाज्यता, मुद्रास्फीति प्रतिरोध और पारदर्शिता के लिए भी उनकी प्रशंसा की गई है।

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